Basic Input and Output

So far, our programs have been a bit predictable. Let's make them interactive! We can ask the user for information using the input() function.

When you use input(), the program will pause and wait for the user to type something and press Enter.

name = input("What is your name? ")
print(f"Hello, {name}!")

In this example, the program prints "What is your name? ", waits for an answer, and then greets the user by the name they entered.

The input() function always gives you back a string. If you need to work with a number, you have to convert it.

age_string = input("How old are you? ")
age = int(age_string)
next_year_age = age + 1
print(f"Next year, you will be {next_year_age}!")

Here, int() converts the string from the input into an integer (a whole number).